POLLUTION

WHAT IS POLLUTION?

—  Pollution can be defined as the release of toxic substances into the environment either naturally or by man’s activities to the extent that it causes biological damage to man and his resources. The harmful substances that causes pollution are called; THE POLLUTANTS.

TYPES OF POLLUTION.

—  1. Air pollution.

—  2. Water pollution.

—  3. Land or soil pollution.

—  4. Noise or sound pollution.

—  5. Radioactive pollution.

—  6. Thermal or heat pollution.

AIR POLLUTION: This is the release of toxic substances such as smoke, fossil substances etc into the atmosphere that can cause harm to man.

 Air pollutants.

Carbon monoxide.

Sources: exhaust pipes from cars, generator ‘s exhaust.

Effects: death, suffocation.

Dust.

Sources: Mining industries.

Effects: coughing, asthma.

Sulphur dioxide

Sources: car exhaust, fossil fuels, mining centers.

  Effects: Acid rain, cough.   

                             

CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION.

—  1.Afforestation.

—  2. Legislation should be made against indiscriminate burning of bushes.

—  3. Industries should be sited away from residential areas.

—  4. Chemical waste should be discharged into the air through fume chambers.

NOISE POLLUTION: This is the production of unwanted or unpleasant sound that can cause harm to human health or to the eardrum.

Noise pollutant

—  1. Noise from industries.

—  2. Noise from air fields

—  3. Loud noise from jet engines.

—  4. Thunder noise.

—  5.  Noise from car horns.

—  6.  Noise from loudspeakers.

EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION

—  1. Loss of hearing.

—  2.Emotional disorder.

—  3. Changes in behavior.

—  4. Anxiety.

—  5. Short temperedness.

CONTROL OF NOISE POLLUTION.

—  1. Legislation should be made against the use of loud speakers in public places.

—  2. Noise from loud speakers should be reduced.

—  3. Sound proof should be installed in industries.

—  4. Rail way and airports should be sited away from residential areas.

LAND POLLUTION: This is  the release of toxic substances to the soil such as crude oil etc .

POLLUTANTS OF LAND.

—  1. Sewage.

—  2. Refuse.

—  3. Chemicals.

—  4. Metal scraps.

—  5. Pesticides.

SOURCES

—  Sewage : Home / office.

—  Refuse: Home/Office/Market.

—  Metal scraps: Factories/Abandoned vehicles/Machines.

—  Glass particles: Industries.

—  Oil spillage: Factories/Oil tankers.

Effects of land pollution

—  Sewage: odor/respiratory disorder.

—  Refuse: odor.

—  Chemical: Poisonous to plant and animals.

—  Glass particles: Injury/it prevent proper use of land.

—  Oil spillage: It destroys soil/ it destroys plant and animals.

Control of land pollution

—  1. Oil pipeline should be checked and maintained regularly.

—  2. Pesticides and fertilizers should be applied as instructed.

—  3. Government should place laws towards dumping of refuse.

—  4. Sewage should be properly disposed.

—  5. Refuse should be burnt in an incinerator.

WATER   POLLUTION: This is the release of toxic substances into the body of water that are harmful to the aquatic substances.

—  WATER POLLUTANTS ARE;

—  1. Oil spillage.

—  2.Sewage.

—  3.feaces

—  4.Chemicals, pesticides and fertilizers.

  EFFECTS

—  1. Sewage: Diseases/unfit for consumption.

—  2. Pesticides: Kills aquatic organism/Unfit for consumption.

—  3.feaces : Kills aquatic organism/Unfit for consumption.

—  4. Explosives: Kills aquatic organism/Unfit for  consumption. 

SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION

—  Sewage : City/sewage system.

—  Pesticides: from farm to river, streams, ponds etc.

—  Explosives : bombs.

—  Oil spillage: Factories/oil tankers/oil drills.

CONTROL OF WATER POLLUTION

—  1. Government should stop law on the use of explosives for fishing.

—  2. Industry should be sited far away from water.

—  3. They should be proper sewage disposal system.

—  4.There should be proper public enlightenment on sewage disposal.

—  Methods of purifying water.

—  Boiling, filtration, addition of chemicals, sedimentation, sterilization, distillation.